Election Results for Constitutional Convention Calls from 1960 to Present
Year |
State |
Yes
|
No
|
Yes (%) |
No
|
Convened? |
1965 | New York | 1,486,431 | 681,438 | 68.57% | 31.43% | Yes |
1966 | Maryland | 160,280 | 31,680 | 83.50% | 16.50% | Yes |
1966 | Hawaii | 199,097 | 62,120 | 76.22% | 23.78% | Yes |
1970 | Alaska | 34,911 | 34,472 | 50.32% | 49.68% | No |
1970 | Iowa | 204,517 | 214,663 | 48.79% | 51.21% | No |
1970 | Maryland | 214,358 | 277,212 | 43.61% | 56.39% | No |
1970 | Montana | 72,643 | 133,482 | 35.24% | 64.76% | No |
1970 | Oklahoma | 58,223 | 187,934 | 23.65% | 76.35% | No |
1972 | Alaska | 29,192 | 55,389 | 34.51% | 65.49% | No |
1972 | New Hampshire | 96,794 | 73,365 | 56.88% | 43.12% | Yes |
1972 | Ohio | 1,291,267 | 2,142,534 | 37.60% | 62.40% | No |
1976 | Hawaii | 199,831 | 69,264 | 74.26% | 25.74% | Yes |
1977 | New York | 1,126,902 | 1,668,137 | 40.32% | 59.68% | No |
1978 | Michigan | 640,286 | 2,112,549 | 23.26% | 76.74% | No |
1980 | Iowa | 404,249 | 640,130 | 38.71% | 61.29% | No |
1982 | Alaska | 63,816 | 108,319 | 37.07% | 62.93% | No |
1982 | Missouri | 406,446 | 927,056 | 30.48% | 69.52% | No |
1982 | New Hampshire | 115,351 | 105,207 | 52.30% | 47.70% | Yes |
1984 | Rhode Island | 159,801 | 137,096 | 53.82% | 46.18% | Yes |
1986 | Connecticut | 207,704 | 379,812 | 35.35% | 64.65% | No |
1986 | Hawaii | 139,236 | 173,977 | 44.45% | 55.55% | No |
1988 | Illinois | 900,109 | 2,727,144 | 24.82% | 75.18% | No |
1990 | Iowa | 179,762 | 491,179 | 26.79% | 73.21% | No |
1990 | Maryland | 321,412 | 470,477 | 40.59% | 59.41% | No |
1990 | Montana | 53,630 | 245,009 | 17.96% | 82.04% | No |
1992 | Alaska | 84,929 | 142,735 | 37.30% | 62.70% | No |
1992 | New Hampshire | 210,340 | 217,575 | 49.15% | 50.85% | No |
1992 | Ohio | 1,672,373 | 2,660,270 | 38.60% | 61.40% | No |
1994 | Michigan | 777,779 | 2,008,070 | 27.92% | 72.08% | No |
1994 | Rhode Island | 118,545 | 173,693 | 40.56% | 59.44% | No |
1996 | Hawaii | 163,869 | 160,153 | 50.57% | 49.43% | No |
1997 | New York | 929,415 | 1,579,390 | 37.05% | 62.95% | No |
1998 | Hawaii | 140,688 | 244,753 | 36.50% | 63.50% | No |
2000 | Iowa | 299,972 | 598,318 | 33.39% | 66.61% | No |
2002 | Alaska | 60,217 | 152,120 | 28.36% | 71.64% | No |
2002 | New Hampshire | 177,721 | 184,042 | 49.13% | 50.87% | No |
2002 | Missouri | 569,598 | 1,079,085 | 34.55% | 65.45% | No |
2004 | Rhode Island | 162,296 | 175,296 | 48.07% | 51.93% | No |
2008 | Connecticut | 579,904 | 847,518 | 40.63% | 59.37% | No |
2008 | Hawaii | 152,453 | 281,418 | 35.14% | 64.86% | No |
2008 | Illinois | 1,493,203 | 3,062,724 | 32.77% | 67.23% | No |
2010 | Iowa | 317,577 | 649,316 | 32.85% | 67.15% | No |
2010 | Maryland | 897,239 | 751,228 | 54.43% | 45.57% | No |
2010 | Michigan | 983,019 | 1,960,573 | 33.40% | 66.60% | No |
2010 | Montana | 140,869 | 198,664 | 41.49% | 58.51% | No |
2012 | Alaska | 90,079 | 179,567 | 33.41% | 66.59% | No |
2012 | New Hampshire | 215,679 | 384,014 | 35.96% | 64.04% | No |
2012 | Ohio | 1,523,239 | 3,248,142 | 31.92% | 68.08% | No |
2014 | Rhode Island | 133,862 | 164,202 | 44.91% | 55.09% | No |
2017 | New York | 594,820 | 2,910,868 | 16.97% | 83.03% | No |
2018 | Hawaii* | 94,579 | 275,300 | 25.57% | 74.43% | No |
2018 | Hawaii* | 94,579 | 303,829 | 23.74% | 76.26% | No |
2020 | Iowa | 408,746 | 972,930 | 29.40% | 70.60% | No |
2022 | Alaska | 75,723 | 180,529 | 29.55% | 70.45% | No |
2022 | New Hampshire | 178,339 | 347,838 | 33.89% | 66.11% | No |
2022 | Missouri | 633,228 | 1,330,427 | 32.25% | 67.75% | No |
* Since the 1990s, Hawaii has counted the percentage vote as the # of yes votes divided by the # of no votes plus blank votes on the election ballot. The first entry for Hawaii doesn’t count blank votes as no votes. There were 28,529 blank votes.
Election results in bold if an ordinary majority (more yes than no votes) was received. In Hawaii in 1996 and Maryland in 2010, a referendum received an ordinary majority, but the legislature exploited vague majority denominator language to argue that the required majority was a majority of voters voting on any proposition at the election. For details, see Hawaii.concon.info and Maryland.concon.info. In Alaska in 1970 the referendum received an undisputed majority. But the state was sued for incorrectly administering the election, and two years later it lost after the referendum was again placed on the ballot.
The last successfully called constitutional convention referendum in any U.S. state was Rhode Island in 1984.
Oklahoma’s Constitution mandated that the legislature place the periodic referendum on the ballot in 1990, but the legislature refused to do so. Oklahoma voters rejected a legislature initiated referendum to remove this constitutional requirement in 1994, but the legislature still refused to place the constitutionally mandated referendum on the ballot.
The Same Data in the Table Above in a Searchable and Sortable Format
The bold rows in the above table are replaced here with yellow rows. To search, fill in one of the blank fields. To sort, click on a column header.
wdt_ID | Year | State | Yes (#) | No (#) | Yes (%) | No (%) | Convened? |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
57 | 1965 | New York | 1,486,431 | 681,438 | 68.57% | 31.43% | Yes |
58 | 1966 | Maryland | 160,280 | 31,680 | 83.50% | 16.50% | Yes |
59 | 1966 | Hawaii | 199,097 | 62,120 | 76.22% | 23.78% | Yes |
60 | 1970 | Alaska | 34,911 | 34,472 | 50.32% | 49.68% | No |
61 | 1970 | Iowa | 204,517 | 214,663 | 48.79% | 51.21% | No |
62 | 1970 | Maryland | 214,358 | 277,212 | 43.61% | 56.39% | No |
63 | 1970 | Montana | 72,643 | 133,482 | 35.24% | 64.76% | No |
64 | 1970 | Oklahoma | 58,223 | 187,934 | 23.65% | 76.35% | No |
65 | 1972 | Alaska | 29,192 | 55,389 | 34.51% | 65.49% | No |
66 | 1972 | New Hampshire | 96,794 | 73,365 | 56.88% | 43.12% | Yes |
67 | 1972 | Ohio | 1,291,267 | 2,142,534 | 37.60% | 62.40% | No |
68 | 1976 | Hawaii | 199,831 | 69,264 | 74.26% | 25.74% | Yes |
69 | 1977 | New York | 1,126,902 | 1,668,137 | 40.32% | 59.68% | No |
70 | 1978 | Michigan | 640,286 | 2,112,549 | 23.26% | 76.74% | No |
71 | 1980 | Iowa | 404,249 | 640,130 | 38.71% | 61.29% | No |
72 | 1982 | Alaska | 63,816 | 108,319 | 37.07% | 62.93% | No |
73 | 1982 | Missouri | 406,446 | 927,056 | 30.48% | 69.52% | No |
74 | 1982 | New Hampshire | 115,351 | 105,207 | 52.30% | 47.70% | Yes |
75 | 1984 | Rhode Island | 159,801 | 137,096 | 53.82% | 46.18% | Yes |
76 | 1986 | Connecticut | 207,704 | 379,812 | 35.35% | 64.65% | No |
77 | 1986 | Hawaii | 139,236 | 173,977 | 44.45% | 55.55% | No |
78 | 1988 | Illinois | 900,109 | 2,727,144 | 24.82% | 75.18% | No |
79 | 1990 | Iowa | 179,762 | 491,179 | 26.79% | 73.21% | No |
80 | 1990 | Maryland | 321,412 | 470,477 | 40.59% | 59.41% | No |
81 | 1990 | Montana | 53,630 | 245,009 | 17.96% | 82.04% | No |
82 | 1992 | Alaska | 84,929 | 142,735 | 37.30% | 62.70% | No |
83 | 1992 | New Hampshire | 210,340 | 217,575 | 49.15% | 50.85% | No |
84 | 1992 | Ohio | 1,672,373 | 2,660,270 | 38.60% | 61.40% | No |
85 | 1994 | Michigan | 777,779 | 2,008,070 | 27.92% | 72.08% | No |
86 | 1994 | Rhode Island | 118,545 | 173,693 | 40.56% | 59.44% | No |
87 | 1996 | Hawaii | 163,869 | 160,153 | 50.57% | 49.43% | No |
88 | 1997 | New York | 929,415 | 1,579,390 | 37.05% | 62.95% | No |
89 | 1998 | Hawaii | 140,688 | 244,753 | 36.50% | 63.50% | No |
90 | 2000 | Iowa | 299,972 | 598,318 | 33.39% | 66.61% | No |
91 | 2002 | Alaska | 60,217 | 152,120 | 28.36% | 71.64% | No |
92 | 2002 | New Hampshire | 177,721 | 184,042 | 49.13% | 50.87% | No |
93 | 2002 | Missouri | 569,598 | 1,079,085 | 34.55% | 65.45% | No |
94 | 2004 | Rhode Island | 162,296 | 175,296 | 48.07% | 51.93% | No |
95 | 2008 | Connecticut | 579,904 | 847,518 | 40.63% | 59.37% | No |
96 | 2008 | Hawaii | 152,453 | 281,418 | 35.14% | 64.86% | No |
97 | 2008 | Illinois | 1,493,203 | 3,062,724 | 32.77% | 67.23% | No |
98 | 2010 | Iowa | 317,577 | 649,316 | 32.85% | 67.15% | No |
99 | 2010 | Maryland | 897,239 | 751,228 | 54.43% | 45.57% | No |
100 | 2010 | Michigan | 983,019 | 1,960,573 | 33.40% | 66.60% | No |
101 | 2010 | Montana | 140,869 | 198,664 | 41.49% | 58.51% | No |
102 | 2012 | Alaska | 90,079 | 179,567 | 33.41% | 66.59% | No |
103 | 2012 | New Hampshire | 215,679 | 384,014 | 35.96% | 64.04% | No |
104 | 2012 | Ohio | 1,523,239 | 3,248,142 | 31.92% | 68.08% | No |
105 | 2014 | Rhode Island | 133,862 | 164,202 | 44.91% | 55.09% | No |
106 | 2017 | New York | 594,820 | 2,910,868 | 16.97% | 83.03% | No |
107 | 2018 | Hawaii* | 94,579 | 275,300 | 25.57% | 74.43% | No |
108 | 2018 | Hawaii* | 94,579 | 303,829 | 23.74% | 76.26% | No |
109 | 2020 | Iowa | 408,746 | 972,930 | 29.40% | 70.60% | No |
110 | 2022 | Alaska | 75,723 | 180,529 | 29.55% | 70.45% | No |
111 | 2022 | New Hampshire | 178,339 | 347,838 | 33.89% | 66.11% | No |
112 | 2022 | Missouri | 633,228 | 1,330,427 | 32.25% | 67.75% | No |
113 | 2024 | Rhode Island | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? |